Brief History of Databases - 1758 Words

Brief History Of Databases In the 1960s, the use of main frame computers became widespread in many companies. To access vast amounts of stored information, these companies started to use computer programs like COBOL and FORTRAN. Data accessibility and data sharing soon became an important feature because of the large amount of information required by different departments within certain companies. With this system, each application owns its own data files. The problems thus associated with this type of file processing was uncontrolled redundancy, inconsistent data, inflexibility, poor enforcement of standards, and low programmer maintenance. In 1964, MIS (Management Information Systems) was introduced. This would prove to be†¦show more content†¦DBaseIII=s command are procedural (function oriented) and flexible. It utilizes many of the common functions like: select records C. select fields C. include expressions ( such as calculations) C. redirect output to the screen or to the printer C. store results separately from the application Included in dBaseIII is a limited editor which will let you create commands using the editor or a word processor. Unfortunately, it is still limited to certain commands, for example, it can not create move or copy commands. It also has a screen design package which enables you to design how you want your screen to look. The minimum RAM requirement of 256k for this package really illustrates how old this application is. The most noticeable problem documented about dBaseIII is inability to edit command lines. If, for example, an error was made entering the name and address of a customer, simply backing up and correcting the wrong character is impossible without deleting everything up to the correction and re-entering everything again. DBaseIII is portable and straightforward to work with. It allows users to import and export files in two forms: fixed-length fields and delimited fields. It can also perform dBaseII conversions. Creating fil e structures are simple using the menus or the create command. It has field types that are still being used today byShow MoreRelatedCtts Case Study Milestone 1 2692 Words   |  3 Pages Business Process Analysis and Redesign Existing Application Maintenance (problem fix) New Application Development Not Sure Other (please specify ____________________________________________________________ ___________ BRIEF STATEMENT OF PROBLEM, OPPORTUNITY, OR DIRECTIVE (attach additional documentation as necessary)The company is unable to adequately keep track of their client’s hardware and software configurations.Tech Support is unable to access information from homeRead MoreThe Army Human Resource System (AHRS)898 Words   |  4 Pagesrunning Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Microsoft Windows Enterprise Server. The software that the eMILPO System uses to run their web application and the servers that are used for this database is Sun Servers running Solaris 8. The Army has a lot of information on Soldiers stored in the databases and the security of these systems is top notch. The user interface of eMILPO is simple and easy to use. There are several user input types that are used when working in eMILPO, some of those typesRead MoreSoftware Applications Undergo Software Development Life Cycle1116 Words   |  5 Pagesdue to possible errors or issues that can occur during execution of the use case. 7. Non-functional Requirements: Lists the quantifiable non-functional requirement that need to be satisfied for actions performed in the use case. Below list contains brief description of the use case designed to describe various functionalities for the Travel Helper application. Use Case models have been included in Appendix A. 1. New User registration: This use case depicts the actions need performed by user to createRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay902 Words   |  4 Pages The events that transpired in Salem, Massachusetts occurred between the years of 1688 and 1693 constituted the most significant witchcraft outbreak in the history of the New England colonies. The entire event was quickly labeled as â€Å"colossal mistake† by the government after they had passed.(Ray, 2010) With this in mind the question remains; how did it get started and how did it get out of hand so quickly? Salem is a town in Massachusetts that has unfortunately earned its reputation from these trialsRead MoreRacial Profiling And The African American Community937 Words   |  4 PagesStates, the identifying term Nigger is one that has many meanings, but no matter the meaning, its use is usually met with controversy (The Racial Slur Database Nigger). Kaffir is a South African identifying term that also refers to those of African descent, and of a darker skin tone, and is filled with the same social controversy (The Racial Slur Database Kaffir). Two articles found on the internet, one from Florida and one from South Africa, bring to light when these terms have been used in a derogatoryRead MoreDatabase Management System : History Database System1408 Words   |  6 PagesDATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM History of database system: Brief history of database management is as follows, 1950s: Database management system started its journey in late 1950s with the invent of magnetic tapes. All the data was stored in tapes. Processing of data requires reading data from one or more tapes and writing to a new tape after processing. 1960s – 1970s: Database management system could enhance its features with invent of harddisk. Unlike files, hard disk supports random accessRead MoreMaintaining National Dna Database Case Study1120 Words   |  5 PagesMaintaining National DNA Databases: Struggle between Necessity and Ethic SNEHA SINGH1 1Advocate, Rajasthan High Court, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Email – ssnehassingh1989@gmail.com 1. INTRODUCTION DNA is an acronym, which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Every cell in an individual’s body, with the exception of red blood cells and eggs or sperm, contains the full genetic program for that individual in its DNA. The human genome, which consists of about 3 billion base pairs, harbours genetically relevantRead MoreThe Life and Contributions of Dr. Edgar F. Codd Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Edgar F. Codd Dr. Edgar F. Codd was best known for creating the â€Å"relational† model for representing data that led to today’s database industry (Edgar F. Codd) (Edgar F. Codd). He received many awards for his contributions and he is one of the many reasons that we have some of the technologies today. As we dig deeper into his life in this research paper, we will find that Dr. Edgar F. Codd was in fact, a self-motivated genius. Dr. Edgar F. Codd started his monumental life on the southRead MoreEssay On The Citole848 Words   |  4 Pages1973. The article’s author is Jan Harriman, and it contains comments about a variety of aspects of the citole. It covers brief discussions and conclusions about the following: the citole’s cultural implications and influences, physical structure, musical technique and sound, transformations of name nomenclature. I found the article by using the Academic Search Complete database. Discovering the journal’s connection to Oxford University helped establish credibility. It appears that Jan Harriman, theRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management Systems For Business Communications1299 Words   |  6 Pagesimproving customer communications. Over the course of this paper I will provide a brief overview of CRM systems that will include a historical analysis. Next, the importance of communication, specifically personal communications, will be explored. After rev iewing the importance of communications I will talk about the importance of having informed employees and the future of CRM. History of CRM Systems Before diving into the history behind CRM systems I think it is important to establish a working definition

Classroom Reflection - 1500 Words

My time spent in the Clinical setting, so far, has been extremely inciteful as to how to become a better educator in a classroom setting. Through the data I collected I was able to connect Borich’s Seven Variables of learning to the students. By being in the clinical setting for nearly two months, I have been exposed to new ways of thinking when it comes to structuring a classroom and instructing a classroom. Within this reflection you will find out how I would better plan an effective lesson for the pupils in my future classroom. You will also discover what I will do about certain issues in the classroom and how I will address/fix them. Often time students are just categorized as a simple number. From the time students are in grade†¦show more content†¦For student who are still struggling beyond the classroom a study hall is offered to them. The school also has a response to intervention, RTI, program in places. This program provides extra help to students who are struggling in certain subjects. I think it is important for educators to realize that Technology can be used as an instructional tool in the classroom. In my clinical setting technology is incorporated in to the lessons, but not as much as it should be. Part of this has to do with the limited budget the school system operates on, but some of it also has to do with the age of my CT. I think it is important for educators to realize that Technology is an enhancement tool in the classroom. For examples, â€Å"When you go to the hardware store to buy a drill, you don’t actually want a drill, you want a hole, they don’t sell holes at the hardware store, but they do sell drills, which are the technology used to make holes† (Fletcher). Technology helps different learners learn in different ways. With the use of technology both aural and spatial learners can be taught at the same time. There’s absolutely no excuse for you as an educator to allow students to fall behind because they do not learn in a way that you are comfortable teaching. When it comes to classroom resources in social science and history classrooms, we are kind of limited. I think it is pretty clear that most coursesShow MoreRelatedReflection On The Classroom Observation1469 Words   |  6 PagesClassroom Observations Introduction I chose to observe Mrs. Tijerina for my classroom observation. There are many reasons why I decided to observe Mrs. Tijerina. I elected to observe Mrs. Tijerina so I could see another teacher’s perspective on teaching Spanish, as she and Mrs. Fiechter are the only Spanish teachers in the school. Furthermore, I never had Mrs. Tijerina for Spanish 2, as the teacher I had left Adams Central. Additionally within the hour I was observing, there were many sophomoreRead MoreReflection On Classroom Management1181 Words   |  5 PagesThis assignment asks for â€Å"one particular memorable classroom or school situation when you were a student that if you had been the teacher, you would have handled differently. As the teacher in that setting, how would you have brought resolution to the conflict?† I decided to approach this assignment with some liberties of a self-reflection of my own personal classroom management as a substitute teacher this previous Tuesday, October 31, 20 17, in singular 9th grade Algebra class in which authorityRead MoreA Reflection On Classroom Management1704 Words   |  7 Pagesmale students and 36% female students. No inclusion students or aides were present in these classes. I. Classroom Management Classroom management is defined as the â€Å"techniques used to maintain a healthy living environment, relatively free of behavior problems† (Woolfolk). Classroom management is a combination of four areas: seatwork, organization, withitness and assignments. Seatwork in classroom management involves making sure that the work given to students will keep them interested and on taskRead MoreClassroom Reflection1144 Words   |  5 Pagescame in and immediately stated that â€Å"Science is not about beliefs, but about accepting the theories and laws that have supporting evidence.† She waited a few moments, and once again, repeated the same phrase; when she finished, she said â€Å"In this classroom, we will not question anyone’s faith or beliefs; we will, however, will focus on gathering evidence and understanding the underlying principles of the theory of evolution.† Throughout the semester, as I encountered ideas that were inconsistent andRead MoreClassroom R eflection1017 Words   |  5 Pagesconcepts that will stick with me for years. I learned that there are many ways in which to facilitate peer learning that doesn’t just mean talking to people from a PowerPoint. There are fun and new ways that we can present and engage learning within a classroom. I also learned that facilitating peer learning means a lot more than just listening to what the students must say or just talking at them. Facilitating peer learning encompasses everything from having to help give ideas to peers that they mightRead MoreClassroom Reflection1256 Words   |  6 PagesMy experience was informational. I was able to see how my students are inside the classroom environment with my teacher how they are in art. I was also able to observe another classroom and see how they differ from my class. All of these are completely different spaces where the children act differently. Comparing these different environments provided a unique insight into how these child ren act differently depending on who is around. Having been with these children a lot now, I have the abilityRead MoreClassroom Reflection739 Words   |  3 Pages Although my principal observed my classroom instruction as mandated, she never visited my classroom again. When she retired at the end of my sixth-year teaching, my principal had not formally evaluated in years. Mercy’s current principal arrived in the fall of 2012, and she made plans to visit classrooms regularly. I was initially nervous, but I felt hopeful at the same time. She frequently performed informal walk-throughs, and she conducted formal classroom observations that year. UnfortunatelyRead MoreClassroom Reflection809 Words   |  4 Pageshelpful with engagement in the classroom. The Industrial Tic Tac Toe caught my eyes because I am actually using it to complete this assignment and it gives me complete autonomy over my work, which is the point. When trying to engage students, I learned from the guidelines, is that you should give your students autonomy and when you give them choices, theyre more willing to engage. Using the Tic Tac Toe assignment is a good way for engagement. When I have my classroom of 6th graders, I want to useRead MoreClassroom Reflection1018 Words   |  5 Pagesthat were taking place in the classroom. Before the class started, however, she introduced me to the class for the sake of making the children comfortable with my presence around them. The time that I spent in the classroom was enough for me to make a right amount of critical observations. I managed to get a lesson plan from her, which contained the learning outcomes that she aimed to achieve by the end of the lesson. Through observing what was happening in the classroom and how she conducted her classRead MoreClassroom Reflection943 Words   |  4 Pagesmoments in the Cohort and in the classrooms, are moments that stay with you for the rest of your career. I can honestly say that every day I was in the classroom with my kids and supporting them during their educational journey was a highlight, but one specific highlight comes to mind when looking back. While I was always there helping the kids out and supporting my teacher mentor, I was given my first chance at the beginning of semester to take the lead in my classroom. The kids were working on rounding

Missouri Trespass Laws free essay sample

A person commits the crime of trespass in the first degree if he knowingly enters unlawfully or knowingly remains unlawfully in a building or inhabitable structure or upon real property. 2. A person does not commit the crime of trespass in the first degree by entering or remaining upon real property unless the real property is fenced or otherwise enclosed in a manner designed to exclude intruders or as to which notice against trespass is given by: (1) Actual communication to the actor; or (2) Posting in a manner reasonably likely to come to the attention of intruders. . Trespass in the first degree is a class B misdemeanor. A person commits the offense of trespass in the second degree if he enters unlawfully upon real property of another. This is an offense of absolute liability. 2. Trespass in the second degree is an infraction. Private land, permission of owner needed to fish, hunt, or trap, penalty for violation. We will write a custom essay sample on Missouri Trespass Laws or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (578. 520) 1. No person shall fish, hunt, or trap upon or retrieve wildlife from any private land that is not owned or in the possession of such person without permission from the owner or lessee of such land. . Any person who violates the provisions of this section is guilty of a class B misdemeanor. Any person who knowingly enters or remains on private property for the purpose of hunting, fishing, trapping, or retrieving wildlife in violation of subsection 1 of this section may, in addition to the penalty in subsection 2 of this section, be required by the court to surrender and deliver any license or permit issued by the department of conservation to hunt, fish, or trap. The court shall notify the conservation commission of any conviction under this section and request the commission take necessary action to revoke all privileges to hunt, fish, or trap for at least one year from the date of conviction. Posting of property against trespassers, purple paint used to mark streets and posts, requirementsentry on posted property is trespassing in first degree, penalty. (569. 145) In addition to the posting of real property as set forth in section 569. 40, the owner or lessee of any real property may post the property by placing identifying purple marks on trees or posts around the area to be posted. Each purple mark shall be: (1) A vertical line of at least eight inches in length and the bottom of the mark shall be no less than three feet nor more than five feet high. Such marks shall be placed no more than one hundred feet apart and shall be readily visible to any person approaching the property; or (2) A post capped or otherwise marked on at least its top two inches. The bottom of the cap or mark shall be not less than three feet but not more than five feet six inches high. Posts so marked shall be placed not more than thirty-six feet apart and shall be readily visible to any person approaching the property. Prior to applying a cap or mark which is visible from both sides of a fence shared by different property owners or lessees, all such owners or lessees shall concur in the decision to post their own property.

The Whitsun Weddings Essay Example

The Whitsun Weddings Paper Larkin explores the gap between romantic yearning and disillusioned pragmatism in the lives we lead. Examine what Larkin has to say about this gap in a choice of poems from â€Å"The Whitsun Weddings† Philip Larkin wrote to engage his reader in the downsides and apparent depression of a post-war period in which aspirations and hope were high, as well as the romantic yearnings which seemed to be present in the majority of the population. Larkin wrote to explore the gulf between what we expect out of life and what he viewed as what we all have to at some point come to terms with, the disappointment and disillusionment that is life. Andrew Motion states that â€Å"Larkin mirrors and vitalises a continual debate between hopeful romantic yearnings and disillusioned pragmatism. † This of course refers to the gulf that Larkin writes about so much as well as the continuous debate that goes on between these yearnings for something better and the dreariness of reality. The poem â€Å"Sunny Prestatyn† is a good example of Larkins attempt to explore the gap between the grand illusions of happiness, individuality and fulfilment and the realities of these things themselves. â€Å"Sunny Prestatyn† seems to comment on the superficial society that has begun to emerge in the post war period as well as the false hope of life itself which is trying to be sold to the public through a typical holiday poster of the time, which much like the rest of life promises perfection, in a holiday. However Larkin explores the gulf between this disillusionment which is being sold and reality itself through the use of vulgarity. The thing that would strike a reader the most about the poem is the use of vulgarity which Larkin uses to make a comment on the vulgarity of the poster itself and the lies of happiness which are trying to be sold. We will write a custom essay sample on The Whitsun Weddings specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Whitsun Weddings specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Whitsun Weddings specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The sexual provocative ness is possibly the most noticeable of the vulgarities as it prompts the vulgar language which is used throughout the poem, without one you wouldn’t get the other. The fact the poem is called Sunny Prestatyn could almost be seen as an ironic comment by Larkin on this gulf, it even seems like the poem at first is trying to sell something to the reader rather than draw our attention to our gap between the disillusionment and reality. The narrative opens with â€Å"Come to Sunny Prestatyn† this straight away shows suggestiveness and the girl on the poster is the object of this suggestiveness, â€Å"Laughed the girl on the poster,† Larkin would have used this language to make an ironic comment on the people who are buying into this poster, the girl in the poster could be seen as laughing at the cruel irony of the selling of these false realities to the public. Vulgar language seems to be present throughout the poem but not through adjectives which may typically be viewed in the manner â€Å"seemed to expand from her thighs† It seems that in the context normally innocuous words take on sexuality. â€Å"Behind her, a hunk of coast. † This makes no sense, how can a piece of land be described sexually? This just further adds to the poignancy of the use of â€Å"breast† and â€Å"thigh† and how ridiculous the sexualising of a holiday is. â€Å"A hotel with palms,† the palm trees should not be at the hotel as they are not local to Wales, all this does is add further to the falsities in trying to make something which it is not. This is something which as I said before is seen particularly through the adjectives in this poem. Larkin not only makes harmless words stand out to make a comment on the falsities of reality he also does it through the use of harmless actions. â€Å"Slapped up† adds to the satirical â€Å"make up†- this would normally be seen as careless and colloquial language but Larkin deliberately makes it vulgar to expose the gap we all live in between disillusionment and reality. The fact that the whole poem is about a picture is probably the biggest comment on the satirical promises as the poem goes on a journey from â€Å"harmless† to â€Å"harmful† it moves from something inoffensive â€Å"snaggle tooth† too something that can be perceived as offensive â€Å"huge tits. † It has to be exaggerated because the poem itself is not harmful but what is done to the poster and the exposing of lies is what is in fact harmful. This is why â€Å"Titch Thomas† does the viewers if the poster a favour by exposing the falsities. He is harmless but whoever stabbed the poster is in fact harmful because they represent the realisation of the gulf romantic yearnings and disillusioned pragmatisms. â€Å"She was too good for this life† This is Larkin really showing us that much like the girl in the poster the dreams she is trying to sell are non existent, lifes realities and what she represents just don’t go together. Then finally to really hit home the point about the false realities Larkin says â€Å"Now Fight Cancer is there† in the early 50s and 60s, cancer was pretty much a death sentence, it is a real wake up call at the end to show that reality and the important things in it need to be concentrated on rather than romantic yearnings and false dreams.

Examine the presentation of the relationship between Keith and Stephen in Spies Essay Example

Examine the presentation of the relationship between Keith and Stephen in Spies Paper The relationship between Keith and Stephen is one of the central parts of the book and provides much of the dynamism. Keith and Stephen are best friends and when Keith tells him that his mother is a German Spy the two of them embark on a mission to uncover her secrets. As the story progresses we see both of the characters develop and with this their relationship with each other.At the start of the book Frayn portrays a relatively harmless and normal relationship. As they follow Mrs Hayward, the German spy, around it seems to be a childlike fantasy. The possibility of Keiths mother actually being a spy is fairly unbelievable and there is little suggestion of the secret that is later uncovered. Great plans for underground railways and overhead cableways are described but there is the admission that these plans of Keiths have not been put into effect. On page 50 Frayn presents them as a comic duo as they try and figure out the elusive x. The reader can plainly work out that the x, which is happening each month, is Mrs Haywards period. Frayn is clearly presenting the naivety of the two children to humorous effect. Stephen tries to suggest an explanation for the mysterious x but as he tries in vain he realises,Hes somehow ahead of me again, and simply biding his time to tantalise me.Keith is clearly dominant over Stephen but this is not an unusual arrangement. Stephen explains his status in the relationship in the boyhood terms of,He was the officer corps of our two man army. I was the Other Ranks and grateful to be soStephen is not bitter about the inferiority of his role because it seems natural to him. At some parts of the book Stephen even seems to think of himself as part of Keith. He talks about them as if they are a single entity: we say nothing; we mustnt let her know that we know. This is similar to deadkidsongs by Toby Litt in which, at the start of the book, the gang of boys is portrayed as one single entity which slowly breaks apart as the book progress es. Stefan admits that Keith was one of a long line of dominant figures in his life and so he seems to be a naturally subservient character. In contrast Keiths position as leader seems entirely natural because of his intellectual and imaginative superiority and social background.To understand the nature of their relationship it is important to understand the social contrasts between them. Keiths family is seen as the paragon of what every family should be. In contrast Stephens family is decidedly unsatisfactory. A similar situation exists in L.P Hartleys The Go-Between where Marcuss family is a lot richer than Leos and this creates a feeling of inferiority in Leo. A lot more is said about Keiths parents than is ever said about his own. Keiths dad punishes him and, as absurd as this may seem to the reader, Stephen sees this as the right thing for a father to do. Stephen idolises the well groomed Mrs Hayward whom his own mother, in her faded apron cannot compete with. Stephen feels an admiring jealousy at Keiths luck for having,A father in the Secret Service and a mother whos a German SpyWhereas Stephen doesnt even have one parent of any interest. Unlike the terrible connectedness of his own semidetached house Keiths house stands on its own. Stephen describes, in great detail, the ethereal qualities of Keiths house. The smell in Keiths toy room is a rightful scent; everything in Keiths house seems right. Stephens own house has scuffed armchairs and a boring savannah of a garden. They attend separate schools and wear different uniforms, Stephen remarks that they are colour coded for ease of reference. Stephen acutely feels the social divide between the two families and feels a sense of good fortune in being associated with such a family of heroic proportions. Biblical allusions are present in many of Stephens messianic descriptions of Keith, he says,In each case he uttered the word and the words became soOwing to their relationship Stephen is pushed into doing th ings he would not necessarily do. Stephen is a weak boy and is highly dependant on Keith and this is exploited by Keith. Keith seems to be the main protagonist; he tells Stephen about his mother, he makes them look in her diary and he chooses to follow her. When they go to her study Stephen voices his reservations that her journal is private but Keith has no qualms about such matters and ignores his friends comment. Stephen does not have the strength to assert any control over Keith and thus he complies with Keiths wishes. Stephen finds it hard to articulate himself and thus Keith provides what Stephen lacks. Keith seems to have somewhat of a moral deficit and thus his and Stephens relationship is a dangerous one because Stephen is easily led. He is constantly making Stephen feel inferior whether it is verbally or by a disdainful silence. Keith castigates Stephen when he discovers that he hid his face in fear of the mysterious man. Even before Keith calls him a baby Stephen anticipa tes his reaction and feel ashamed. Keiths hypocrisy is revealed later on when he hides his face in fear. Stephen has internalised Keiths view of him and a lot of what he does out of shame. He goes out at night to make one heroic deed which will cause all his weaknesses and errors to be wiped away. A similar relationship exists in Litts deadkidsongs; Andrews psychopathic agenda draws the rest of gang into criminal activities. The full potency of Keith and Stephens relationship is revealed when they attack the tramp. Stephen seems to morph in Keith and shows a sadistic pleasure in scaring the tramp,I cant wait to see the comical terror on the old mans faceStephen is mimicking Keiths attitude. The bullied has transformed into the bully. Stephen relishes the chance to assert authority upon what he perceives to be a lesser being. We can trace the origins of this conduct back up the chain of authority to Keiths father.Despite Stephens worshipping of the Haywards there is already a rift be tween his perception and the readers. He never mentions that Keiths dad is retired and that this is the reason for him always being at home. He seems to admire the fact that Mr Hayward canes Keith and criticises his father for not doing this seems absurd to the reader. Stephens perception of what is right has no real logical basis and this is revealed by phrases like,Greens the right colour for a bicycle, just as its the wrong one for a belt or a busThe reader cant help but feel sorry for Mr Wheatley who went away for a year but nobody really noticed. The extent of Stephens warped perceptions is gradually revealed throughout the book. Even relatively near the beginning Stephens belief in Keiths intellectual superiority is called into question when Keith misspells privet and secrit. Barbara Berril tells Stephen that, no-one likes him except you and refers to him as stuck-up and horrible. Gradually the image Stephen provides us of a hero is eroded to expose Keith as being just a dama ged little boy. Keiths cruelty culminates in his attack on Stephen. Keith attacks him with his own bayonet in an imitation of his fathers violence.Keith attacks Stephen because he thinks that Stephen has broken their oath. There is a very ritualistic element to their friendship which Keith takes very seriously. At the beginning Keith makes Stephen swear on the bayonet never to reveal anything and, foreshadowing Keiths attack, Keith makes him say,So cut my throat and hope to dieThis oath is another way in which Keith asserts his control over the malleable Stephen. Like many other things in the book this seemed to be just a childish game but it has dark consequences. When he thinks Stephen has broken this oath Keith feels himself losing control and cuts Stephens throat with the bayonet. Stephen realises by now that part of the reason for Keiths actions are what is happening in his house, he says,the crime hes punishing in me is not mine at all, but one thats being committed in his own house.Keith might be perceived as a lonely and abused boy exerting dominance over Stephen as some form of self validation. From the start links are drawn between Keith and his father and as the true extent of his fathers cruelty is realised so is Keiths. Keith goes from merely imitating his fathers half lidded stair and adopting affectations like old bean to outright violence. Keith makes no attempt to stand up for himself and says,My heart shrivels at the sound of his fathers tone and his fathers phrase, at my own hopelessnessThe relationship between these two young boys is the stimulus of the plot. Keith and Stephen both begin a game but find themselves flung into the dangerous adult world. Together they cross the frontier into another country altogether. At the end it seems to be Stephen who comes out of the ordeal the worse. The inferiority Stephen feels at the expense of Keith is what motivates him to uncover the secret. Frayn uses the relationship to present how appearances c an be deceiving. At the start Frayn presents us a seemingly innocent and typical relationship. They are two boys wrapped up in their own fantasy world of German spies and conspiracy. However, the relationship transmutes and as the book progresses it becomes increasingly more dangerous.

Field of Dreams essays

Field of Dreams essays The movie I have selected for my film review is Field of Dreams. I feel that it is a great movie, and is an outstanding form of popular culture. There are many different events that take place throughout this film that show this. Field of Dreams stars Kevin Costner and James Earl Jones. Costner plays a guy named Ray who, one day while working in his cornfield, hears a voice. The voice tells him, If you build it, he will come. After he hears the voice a few times he tears down his cornfield, and builds a baseball field. Jones plays a retired author named Thomas Mann. Mann hears these voices also, and understands what Ray is going through. Reluctantly Mann goes along with Ray. After awhile-old members of the White Sox, who got banned from baseball for life, appear out of the cornfield. They now have a chance to play ball again. Mann ends up going back into the corn with the players in the end. This movie is more than just a movie about a sport. It has many other significant meanings. First of all, this film shows loyalty between Rays wife and him. Most wives would think their husbands were crazy if they told them they heard voices, which were telling them to build a baseball field. Its going to take a ton of money, and also a lot of knowledge on how to go about doing it. It shows how she believed in him when no one else would listen. She stuck by her husband like a wife is supposed to do, and gave him support when needed. I believe a lot of Americans liked seeing that type of commitment between two people, especially in a world where its not as prevalent as it should be. The second point this film shows is how much Ray loves baseball. Baseball has been a major part of American society and culture since the late 1800s. It is known as Americas pastime. Throughout the film it is made very evident of the love Ray displays for the great game of baseball. The amount of mon...

Project Management Accounting(BBAC501) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project Management Accounting(BBAC501) - Essay Example To put this into lump light it would be good to know what constitute a cost in manufacturing process. Manufacturing Overhead Costs Stocks are normally classified as an asset in the financial statements, and it is very pertinent note that each product mentioned as en inventory includes the costs of the following: 1. Direct material 2. Direct labor 3. Manufacturing (or factory) overhead Direct material and labour costs are directly traceable to the product being produced. Manufacturing (or factory) overhead on the other hand consist of costs which indirectly relate to factory and on this regard they are divided and allocated to each unit of product. Accordingly this cost are reported in balance sheet inform of finished goods and work in progress (WIP) (GAAP). There are also other costs that would be treated as manufacturing overhead depending on the circumstances for instance, a loyalty or property tax imposed on a factory building. Although it will appear as fixed cost GAAP requires i t allocation and assignment to each unit of manufactured product during such period. Other manufacturing overheads; 1. Material handling e.g. fork lifting opera oration for moving materials and units. 2. Technical expertise for setting up manufacturing equipment which requires some specifications. 3. Work force who inspect and supervise products as they are being manufactured. In my estimates the following are the assumptions which hold in my review 1. There was virtually no beginning inventory of raw material, work in process and finished goods. 2. At the end of the month, 10% of the materials purchased remained on hand, work in process amounted to 20% of the manufacturing costs incurred during the month, and finished goods inventories were negligible. 3. The factory occupies 80% of the premises, the sales area 15% and administration 5%. 4. Most of the equipment is used for manufacturing, with only 5% of the book value being used for sales and administrative functions. 5. Almost al l of the electricity is consumed in the factory. 6. The truck is used to deliver finished goods to customers. 7. The manager spends about one-half of his time on factory management, one-third in the sales area and the rest on administration. Product Costing Cost ($) Cost ($) Â  Direct material 300,000 Direct labor 250,000 Prime Cost 550,000 550,000 Manufacturing (or factory) overhead Rent (80% of 80,000)Assp. No. 3 64,000 Production Supervisor's salary 35,000 Electricity (Assp. No. 5) 12,000 Manager's salary (80,000 x 1/2 Assp. No. 7) 40,000 Equipment depreciation (25,000x95% Assp. No. 4) 23,750 174,750 Total cost of production 724,750 Colonial Tap Company (CTC) Financial Statements for the month ended Cost ($) Cost ($) Sales 980,000 Less C.O.G. Total cost of production 724,750 Less Material at the end ( 10% of 300,000 Assp. No. 2) (30,000) Less Work in progress (20% of 174,750 Assp. No. 2 ) (34,950) 659,800 Gross Profit 320,200 Non Manufacturing Expenses Administrative Expenses Co uncil Rates 5,000 Rent (80,000 x 15% Assp. No. 3) 12,000 Manager's Salary (80,000x2/3 Assp. No. 7 ) 266,667 Equipment